Tami Miyatsu著, Bodies That Work: African American Women's Corporeal Activism in Progressive America. Peter Lang, 2020. xvi+187頁. n.p.

Bodies That Work describes the redefinition of the invisible, fragmented, and commodified African American female body. In Progressive America, black women began to use their bodies in new ways and ventured into professions in which they had typically not been represented. They were bodies that worked—that labored, functioned, and achieved in collective empowerment and that overcame racial, ethnic, and class divides and grappled with the ideas and values of political, financial, and intellectual leadership, thereby dispelling the ingrained stereotypes of womanhood associated with slavery. Based on archival materials and historical documents, Bodies That Work examines four women who reinterpreted and reorganized the historically divided black female body and positioned it within the body politic: Sarah Breedlove Walker, or Madam C.J. Walker (1867–1919), an entrepreneur; Emma Azalia Hackley (1867–1922), an opera singer; Meta Warrick Fuller (1877–1968), a sculptor; and Josephine Baker (1906–1975), an international performer. Each reshaped a different part of the female body: the hair (Walker), the womb and hands (Fuller), the vocal cords (Hackley), and the torso (Baker), all of which had been denigrated during slavery and which continued to be devalued by white patriarchy in their time. Alleviating racial and gender prejudices through their work, these women provided alternative images of black womanhood. The book’s focus on individual body parts inspires new insights within race and gender studies by visualizing the processes by which women lost/gained autonomy, aspiration, and leadership and demonstrating how the black female body was made (in)visible in the body politic.

1 The Grassroots Network of African American Women: Madam C. J. Walker's Care Empire

          Walker's Transatlantic vision of Hair Culture

          Hair Care Tailored to Black Women's Minds and Bodies

          Advertisements Promising Beauty and Prosperity

          Agents in Walker's Grassroots Network

          Conclusion

2 Vocal Cords Vibrating against Black Codes: The Socio-Musical Activism of E. Azalia Hackley

          Spirituals as Religiously-Inspired Folk Songs

          Lost Tongues and Coded Songs

          Spirituals in Progressive America

          Hackley's Spiritual Mobilization

          Conclusion

3 Mutilated Womb, violated Motherhood: Mary Turner and Meta Warrick Fuller's Sculptural Protest

          The Doom of the Womb in America in American Slavery

          Slave Mother's Resilience against White Patriarchy

          Maternalism and Anti-lynching in Progressive America

          Mary Turner and the Maternal Protest in Art

          Conclusion

1 Performing Savagery and Civility: The Subversive Nudity of Josephine Baker

          Quasi-Slavery in Progressive America

          American and French Attitudes toward Female Nudity

          Baker's (De)Colonizing Body in French Cinema

          Baker's Nudity for the American Body Politic

         Conclusion

Conclusion

Bibliography

Index